Citing Electronic sources - APA Style
- Citing Electronic Sources - MLA Style
- Citing Electronic Sources- APA style (Click again for Printable)
- Citing Electronic Sources - Chicago Style
- Citing Printed Sources - MLA Style
- Citing Printed Sources - APA Style
- Citing Printed Sources - Chicago Style
CITING ELECTRONIC SOURCES - APA STYLE
These examples are based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed. on reserve at the Circulation Desk. Please see this handbook for more examples and detailed information.
PERIODICAL ARTICLES FROM DATABASES
Begin by citing the database article like a printed article (see the handout “Citing Printed Sources – APA Style”), and then add database information. If there is no author, move the title into the author’s place. Give as much information as you can find.
Author’s name. (Year, Month Day). Article title: Capitalize only the first letter of the title and subtitle, unless the words are proper nouns. Periodical Name, Volume(Issue number if each issue is paginated separately), Pages. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from SuperHuge Periodicals database.
Briggs, Chad S., & Castellano, Thomas C. (2003). The effect of supermaximum prisons on aggregate levels of institutional violence. Criminology, 41, 1341-1377. Retrieved July 21, 2005, from Criminal Justice Periodicals database.
- Newspaper Databases – give the page number(s) instead of a volume number:
Smith, Jane. (2003, August 27). Automakers are a model of competition. Star-Ledger News, p. 21. Retrieved July 25, 2005, from Custom Newspapers database.
ONLINE (INTERNET) – ONLY PERIODICAL ARTICLES
If there is no author, move the article title into the author’s place. Give as much information as you can find.
- Article based on a printed journal, but not part of a database – state “[Electronic version].” after the article title:
Vandenbos, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J. (2001). Role of reference elements in the selection of resources by psychology undergrads [Electronic version]. Journal of Bibliographic Research, 5, 117-123.
- Article from a journal or magazine, or e-zine published only on the Web:
Aula, Anne, & Kaki, Mika. (2005, July 4). Less is more in Web search interfaces for older adults. First Monday, 10(7). Retrieved July 26, 2005, from http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue10_7/aula/index.html
- Daily newspaper article:
Mubarak, Ebithal. (2005 July 3). Young talents bloom at house of artists. Arab News. Retrieved August 26, 2005, from http://www.arabnews.com
ONLINE (INTERNET) BOOKS
Begin by citing the online book like a printed book (see handout – “Citing Printed Sources – APA Style”), and then add the retrieval information. Give as much information as you can find.
Author’s name. (Publishing date of printed copy from which the online version is based). Book Title: Capitalize only the first letter of the title and subtitle, unless the words are proper nouns. Place of Publication: Publisher. (Original work publishing date, if different than the printed copy date). Retrieved Month Day, Year, from complete Internet address.
Conrad, Joseph. (1950). Heart of darkness. New York: New American Library. (Original work published 1902). Retrieved July 26, 2005, from http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/p/pd-modeng/pd-modeng-idx?type=header&id=ConraHeart
Flaws, Bob. (1999). 160 Essential Chinese herbal patent medicines. Boulder, CO: Blue Poppy Press. Retrieved December 12, 2004, from http://www.netlibrary.com
WEB SITES
The author may be a person(s) or an organization, such as a university or the government. If there is no author identified, the title moves into the author’s place. Give as much information as you can find.
Author’s name. (Year, Month Day). Web page document title. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from complete Internet address.
Ramsland, Katherine. (2005). The crime scene. Retrieved August 14, 2005, from http://www.crimelibrary.com/criminal_mind/forensics/crimescene/1.html
- No date: - use “(n.d.).”
International Snowmobile Manufacturer’s Association. (n.d.). Safe riders! Love this planet. Retrieved February 23, 2004, from http://www.snowmobile.org
- Chapter or section of a Web document – give any name of the section before the Web site title, then give “(chapt.).”, “(page)”, or whatever section identifier is being used:
Wagner, Rod. (2005, July 14). Quick assembly. In Moving mountains at Cabela’s (page 2). Retrieved August 1, 2005, from http://gmj.gallup.com/content/default.asp?ci=16972
- Web document available from a University program or department Web site:
Giovanelli, Peter, Haynes, Martha, Herter, Terry, & Consroe, Karla. (n.d.). The Atacama telescope project. Retrieved July 28, 2005, from Cornell University, Department of Astronomy Web site: http://www.astro.cornell.edu/ research/projects/atacama/index.html
- Personal Web site or Blog:
Chianca, Peter. (2005, March 30). The at-large blog. Retrieved June 8, 2005, from http://chianca-at-large.blogspot.com 7/05 Lp